River flood hazard maps for Europe and the Mediterranean Basin region is a gridded data set representing inundation along the river network, for nine different flood return periods (from 1-in-10-years to 1-in-500-years). The input river flow data for the new maps are produced by means of the open-source hydrological model LISFLOOD, while inundation simulations are performed with the hydrodynamic model LISFLOOD-FP. The extent comprises most of the geographical Europe and all the river basins entering the Mediterranean and Black Seas in the Caucasus, Middle East and Northern Africa countries. Flood hazard maps are generated for river basins > 150km2. Cell values indicate water depth (in m). The maps can be used to assess the exposure of population and economic assets to river floods, and to perform flood risk assessments.